Time Well Spent

Here it is....the final post...the final blog. I remember dreaming about this moment but it seemed so far away. To be honest I will miss these courses, faculty, and my fellow classmates because each of you has helped me to grow as a person and a professional. I have been able to think about how I want to continue in advocating for children and their families on a greater scale. I am no longer afraid to speak up about injustices I see because of the courses here at Walden University. First and foremost I want to thank my instructors because you have pushed me to my limits and challenged me so much as a person. You made me realize that just doing the work was not enough that I needed to do more. My father always made me do more than what was required and I am glad that I had instructors that think just like him.

To my classmates (there are so many) I want to say thank you for all of the wonderful feedback that you have given me. Thank you to those classmates who shared personal and private experiences with me to help me get a better understanding of the work that we do. Thank you for the words of encourgement and for not laughing when I would vent about my confusion when understanding assignments. The three things that I have learned in this program is that to do this work of advocacy we need compassion, understanding, and willing to fight for what is right. I have learned in this program that I need to realize my own limitations and not to be afraid to ask for help. Finally I have learned how to accept myself and all of my strengths and flaws because it makes me who I am as  person. I can help everyone realize this about themselves and learn to accept themselves.

My long term goal is to continue my work in educating young children. Many people get in this field and then leave once they advance in their degrees and/or career but my goal is to retire in early childhood education as well as being one of the authors of a famous publication. Another goal or dream I should say would be to be featured in one of Walden Universtiy's videos that are used to educate students who are pursuing their degree.

I wish everyone success in their future goals, dreams,and visions. Best of luck to the class of 2015....we did it.

"I've learned that people will forget what you said, people will forget what you did, but people will never forget how you made them feel."- Maya Angelou

International Organizations for Positive Social Change

For this assignment the first international organization that I chose was World Health Organization. This organization provides leadership for health issues across the globe and is the authority for health within the United Nations. The main focus right now is the Ebola outbreak but they also focus on other healt matters such as nutrition in malnourished countries. The view health as a shared responsibility for everyone to get involved and its the main reason that I picked them. As far has jobs the position that caught my interest was the Development Coodinator Specialist. This position supports countries seeking to strengthen the governance of financing of their health systems to attain and maintain universal health coverage. It requires that you have an advanced secondary degree and experience in economcs and or public health or related field and you must be proficient in English.

The next organization that I chose was the International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect. Their whole focus is to increase awareness in regard to child neglect and to protect the rights of children. I believe this is a great organization because here in the United States we here stories about abused children but I am sure that other countries have the same horrible stories if not worse. This organization is collaborating to bring awareness across the globe. I did not find any career possibilities that I would be interested in but I would love to volunteer at some point because it's such a great cause.

The final organization that I chose was UNICEF and this organization also focuses on child rights as well as the overall care of children. They are concerned with the health of children especially when it comes to immunizations and child nutrition. They also focus on health issues of HIV and water sanitation in countries with severe poverty. One position I came across that sounds interesting is the Nutrition Cluster Coordinator who has the responsibility of networking emergency nutrition interventions. It requires that you have an advanced degree in Health or Human Nutrition and it also requires 5 year experience within the UN which I currently do not have.

www.who.int.
www.ispcan.org
www.unicef.org

Job/Roles in the ECE Community

The first organization that I chose for this assignment was Early Learning Leaders. This organization is committed to the enhancement of early child education programs. One position that I found interesting was Early Intervention Service Specialist. This position requires a Bachelor degree and knowledge of supervisory practices. It requires the person to have knowledge of intervention specialties regarding infants and toddlers. The next organization is NAEYC (National Association for the Education of Young Children) which happens to be the world's largest organization that focuses on young children. One position that I found interesting in this organization was the Senior Director, Higher Education Accreditation and Support. This position requires a Masters degree and to have a working knowledge of early childhood education as well as the current issues. This would be a field that I could definitely see myself working in. The final organization that I picked was American Academy of Pediatrics. The whole purpose of this organization is to provide education and support as well as a policy on advocacy. If I were to work in this field I would choose to be a Manager of Community-based Intiatives which aids in managing activities, securing funding, and other resources for the community. I picked these three organizations because of the connection that it has with my challenge and the amount of information i could obtain if they were to be a part of my COP.

www.aap.org
www.earlylearningleaders.org
www.naeyc.org

Exploring Roles in the ECE Community

When scanning through Google I came across so many websites for organizations around my state and the country that peeked my interest but I knew I needed to tailor back and just pick a few for this assignment. The agencies I chose to focus on where the United Way of Acadiana, WIC (Women, Infants and Children) office, and  Easter Seals of Louisiana. I live in Lafayette, Louisiana and in this city we are known as the Acadiana Area and then it branches off to the Greater New Orleans area as well as the Greater Baton Rouge area. United Way is an organization that is known across the country as a system of volunteers and workers whose whole mission is to raise awareness on social movement and improvement in education and overall health. There are no requirements to be a volunteer but in order to work at my local branch they do require a degree from a 4 year college as well as outside experience in the field. There is a current position that is open for a Early Head Start teacher and they require at least 2 years experience working in early childhood education. This organization is exactly what my focus is for my capstone which is the education of young children and their health care.

The WIC office is a state as well as federal recognized program for low-income mothers and families that provides monthly vouchers to help purchase food for children from birth to age 5. It helps with the purchase of formula and baby food for children birth to age 1 and then provides monthly vouchers to purchase milk, cheese, cereal, eggs, bread, juice, beans, and fresh fruits and vegetables. It is a way to help supplement the expenses of having to pay for these items out of pocket. This program also aids to assist pregnant women with food as well up until 60 days after the birth of their child and even longer if they choose to breastfeed. This is a state job so a college degree is required but I did not find any real specifications if your degree had to be within the realm of early childhood or just social service itself.

Easter Seals of Louisiana is a program that is designed to work with children who have physical as well as developmental disabilities. It helps parents and families apply for Medicaid. Medicare, and Social Security Disability. They not only assist with applying for services but they also play a vital role in the corrdination of these services.


www.unitedwayofacadiana.org
www.easterseals.com/louisiana
www.dhh.louisiana.gov/WIC

Reflecting on Learning

My future for my professional career working with children will be a great one because I am speaking it into existence. I would hope to be able to be able to continue to break down the walls surrounding stereotypes, prejudices, and low self esteem. I hope to continue to build confidence in children and families to help them develop pride about themselves and the culture and/or traditions that make up who they are. Children can greatly make a difference in what this world can be if they are given every opportunity to explore the likes and differences between one another. To learn that being different is unique and a wonderful thing to be. I would like to take this time to wish all of my fellow classmates as Merry Christmas as well as much success in their future courses and careers. I hope that through this course we were able to develop a professional connection with one another that will continue to help us grow as Anti-Bias educators. Good Luck!

Impacts on Early Emotional Development

The region that I chose to focus on was the Eastern and Southern Africa region. I decided this based on the recent events of Ebola and the constant plague of HIV/AIDS that still affects are larger portion of this area. This area suffers from drought, floods, and political wars that affects the people who live in this area. In 1990 1 in 6 children died before the age of five but with the help of UNICEF that number has declined to 1 in 13. More than 40 % of child deaths are caused by pneumonia as well as under nutrition which is the biggest factor causing more than half of all deaths. More and more children are being vaccinated which helps to protect them from deadly diseases but there is still 13% who go unprotected every single year and more and more babies are being born. HIV/AIDS  affects 90% of pregnant women and with out medical care this disease can be passed to her unborn child.

I would discuss the events of this region in my classroom and I am sure some students would be saddened by this but it may help to bring some awareness to the those around them that children of other countries are suffering. We can have an open discussion about their advantages living in this country and how other children do not have those same privileges. Children care deeply about one another and I feel that their emotions can bring me and others back to the basics of just caring for others well being.

http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/

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The Sexulaization of Early Childhood

I feel that this subject needs to be discussed heavily and at the same time I am almost feel that it is taboo to the words "sex" and "children" in the same sentence. In today's society everything we see is surrounded by sex because let's face it "sex sells". When it comes to the sake of young children we have to be able to step back and really look at the world through their eyes and see if we are putting sex at the headline of everything. Girls and boys constantly encounter messages and images that they cannot understand and that can confuse and even frighten them (Levin & Kilbourne, 2009). One event that I can think of on a personal note is the annual Victoria Secret Fashion Show. This airs every year and has done so for the best 10 years more than likely if not more. Young women prance across the walkway in beautiful lingerie/pajamas that reveals all of their curves, flat stomachs, tight rear ends, and long lean legs. It gives the image of what society thinks sexy looks like. If most women are like me and I mean they could lose a few more pounds (or alot more due to children :) ), they be short, flat chested or big breast, and our backside is not our best side then this show does damage to our self image. What do you think young girl feel like? The image is showing that to be attractive you must look a certain way and that is not true. Young boys are taught that men hold power, they are the CEO's of company's, they wear Axe body spray, and drive luxury cars. Can all little boys really hold up to this image?

We are setting our children up for failure without even knowing it. We are making them change their body image to meet a criteria before they fully develop the mindset of who they are. Children are engaging in sexual activity at an earlier age. How often have I heard of a 13 year old girl being pregnant! Too often let me tell you. STDS and HIV are happening at such an alarming rate this is another indicator that sex is being displayed way too much. Children are engaging in conversations and activity that they have not learned how to process yet. A third example that is on a professional level is when I had an encounter with a 7 year old girl. She stated that her boyfriend was cute and his parents had three cars and he lived in a big house in their neighborhood. I asked her if her parents knew she had a "boyfriend" and she replied no that they started dating that day. It blew my mind that at the age of 7 this child had a boyfriend. I believe that we need to make a stand against this over stimulation of sex. As parents we need to monitor more closely what I children are watching, for example, Disney channel is not as child like as it used to be. We need to pay attention to the clothes we by and ask if we are helping to portray the image that society is showcasing. As professionals we need to be able to have an open positive discussion with parents if we hear or see anything alarming in reference to image that a child may be feeling. If we have the discussions early on it may help to benefit that child. Because of this course I am able to look at this issue with a different set of eyes and it has made a great impact on what I will allow my children to engage in. Children need to remain innocent as long as possible until they are able to make sense of the world around them.

Evaluating Impacts on Professional Pratice

As an educator I would assume that we will all end up dealing with some very difficult points in our lives. Family and work can sometimes bring out some very stressful situations but we learn how to deal with issues and keep moving forward. When outside issues from society present themselves at your front door, how do you react? Family you can chose to ignore or face but society is something totally different. You don't have a personal connection with society like you do with family and work. In my years within my career the most difficult time I had ever faced was when my race and job title was questioned. I am an African American woman with a college degree and I supervise a group of 7 individuals. In my mind 7 is not a huge number but it was the race and sex of the 7 that I was questioned on. I had a relative of a client of mine become offended when he realized what position I held. Now mind you my client is an adult but she is was in need of family support so I asked her if there was someone close to her that she could call on if she needed anything. The next time we met she brought in her relative to meet me that way he could have a face when he heard my name. He was a nice gentleman, well dressed, and educated. To break the ice I informed him where I was originally from and where I went to school. He asked how long I had been with the agency and if I liked my line of work. As the conversation continued I spoke of my title and his faced changed immediately. He stated, "Wait a minute, so you supervise white men?" I was puzzled but answered "Yes I do". Before I could continue he chuckled to himself that he didn't think that I would be able to hold a position like this. When I asked why he thought that way he stated, "No offense I know that you have the educational background but a woman being the boss over a man seems backwards" My client's eyes were wide as she looked at me as if she was so embarassed. I tried not to become upset but I did and I had to excuse myself from the room for a minute.

If a parent would feel this way about you as a teacher than I am sure it would make it difficult to keep a straight face and level head. Children can sense tension and will often respond to situations like their parents or caregivers. If this would happen while working with a child I would more than likely ask the parents to meet for a conference where their concerns can be expressed and I can answer any questions they might have. Prejudice of any kind usually occurs when there is not enough information shared. Although this prejudices won't change over night or through one meeting I would hope to change their perception over the coming weeks.

Observing Communication

I was in Target earlier this week as usual picking up a few things for my house as well as getting a start on Christmas shopping. As I walked down each aisle grabbing what I needed I came across a lady and a young girl. The little girl was sitting in the shopping cart playing with a doll that resembled one of the characters from the Disney movie "Frozen". I could not tell if the lady pushing the cart was her mother but I just assumed it was someone close to the child. As the lady grabbed items off the shelf I noticed that she would address the child by name and then tell her what the item was she was placing in the cart. I did not think much of it at first but then I reflected on the assignment for this week. The child looked as if she was only 2 or 3 but she would try to repeat the name of the item as they went into the basket. I immediately refelected on the articles we read this week and I knew that this lady used her shopping experience as a teachable moment. In the media segment Lisa Kolbeck made a point to address both children by name as well as the animal they wanted to be during action play. Addressing the child by name helped them to understand that they were important to the conversation and what they had to say wanted to be heard. Children will engage in conversation if they know that they are important to what is going on and if there is someone there that will listen.



Laureate Education, Inc. (2011). Strategies for working with diverse children: Communicating with young children. Baltimore, MD: Author

Creating Affirming Environments

For my Family Care Home Program I would choose to have it in a setting that looks like a home. I would greet the children every morning at the front door and ask their parents to join in the morning welcome activity. The children would place their items (jackets, change of clothes, etc) in a small cubby with their name. If I child were to become upset or afraid to seperate from the parent I would take that child and parent into the relaxation room. In the media segment Adriana had a room where the child was able to express their feelings and emotions. The child would be able to sit with the childcare worker and calm down on their own or read a book. I would try to imitate this same idea in the relaxation room. If the parent is able to stay around to help their child process the emotions then I would allow the parent and child to sit together while I or the other child care worker to sit next to them in the chair. Once the morning activity is done then I would move on to circle time where the children would be able to listen to a story or song. We would then discuss the activities for the day and the helpers would be named for snack time. Everyday the children names would be rotated in regards to helping for snack time. Parents would be allowed bring one item from home and the child will be able to explain what the item is and why it is important to them and their family.

Laureate Education, Inc. (2011). Strategies for working with diverse children: Welcome to an anti-bias learning community. Baltimore, MD: 

Start Seeing Diversity Video" Blog: Gender, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation

As a human being I believe we all have a right to happiness and we must respect that. In schools we teach about differences in race, culture, traditions, as religions, and I think that we should not exclude sexual orientation. I have come across a few children who have had parents of the same sex and I treated them as I would with any other child. Those who feel that books and material that include gay and lesbian individuals should be aware that at one point African American and Caucasians were not allowed to attend school together and look how much has changed. We have to be able to show children that we all have differences and unique qualities. Sexual orientation does not make us who we are, it is just apart of our lives. Excluding books about gay and lesbian will not make the issue go away because one day they will learn about it.

If a parent told me that they did want their child being taught by someone who self reported being homosexual I would explain that the teacher is only their to educate their child and not to push his beliefs of sexual orientation on them. He or she is certified in educating young children and that the parent is more than welcome to observe their child's interaction with that teacher if they still feel uncomfortable.

Adjourning

Adjourning is the final stage of team development and it is when the group has come to a completion point in their project. Sometimes it can be difficult to say good-bye especially when you have formed a bond with the people you are working with and the process of developing and completing the project was an overall positive experience. I often find that when I go to training I develop and close connection to those who I am working with. At trainings I tend to sit with people with whom I have never met or the training instructors have placed in that particular group before the sessions begin. I went to a conference last July on cultural competency and I was paired with a woman from Atlanta who had similar viewpoints on cultural competency as I did. The conference consisted of many teach back moments where we were required to roll play scenarios on how best to handle different cultural dilemmas. I enjoyed working with the young woman and since that conference we have kept in contact through email from time to time and she has recently graduated with her master's degree. Saying good-bye in this situation was not too difficult because we had exchanged email address in order to keep in contact with one another.

Dealing With Conflict

This assignment touched home for, especially with this weekend. My husband and I have a 7 week old baby and we are still working on a sleeping schedule for him. Every week it gets a little bit better but it is still a process none the less. Well my husband believes that it is my responsibility to get up in the middle of the night (sometimes 2 or 4AM) to feed him because he does not (I quote) "feel like getting up". Well I told him sometimes I don't either but he is OUR child and we share the responsibilities as parents. Of course a huge argument broke out and he stressed how he didn't see a problem with it and I should be more understanding to his needs and I had the same argument with him. Finally after a screaming match for about an 1/2 hour I decided to walk away. All day Saturday I did not speak to him because I felt hurt that he could not be understanding to my needs. I felt that we both worked a full time job and I am in school as well as being a new mother. On Sunday my husband sat down with me and apologized for his comments and stated that he wanted to come to some type of agreement. We decided that after work he would allow me some time to complete my school work while he tends to our son. We are agreed that I would go to bed around 8pm and get around 5 hours of sleep before our son wakes up for his night feeding. My husband sits up with him until 11 or 12pm and puts him to bed and he sleeps until 6am so that he can go to work in the morning. We tried our new schedule out last night and I admit that I woke up this morning rested because I was able to get a few hours of uninterrupted sleep. By sitting down and having a honest conversation we were able to develop a strategy where both of our needs were met. I am glad this worked out because I am expecting my Valentine's gift this Friday lol.

Who Am I As a Communicator?

The assignment this week brought me great insight on how I view myself and how others viewed me. When I evaluated myself I found out that I my level of anxiety when speaking in front of people was mostly just situational. I realized that I am a good speak and communicator but I do get nervous when speaking in front of large crowds. My co-worker and mother evaluated me and they felt that I did not have anxiety and that I was a great speaker which surprised me. My mother stated that when I do have to speak in front of people she could never tell that I was nervous because I always maintained my composure and completed the task at hand. Through this assessment I also learned that my co-worker, mother and myself were all on the same page and agreed that I was a great listener and that I did not pass judgment on others and allowed them to express themselves freely. The one thing that I learned from O'Hair & Wiemann (2012) was that we cannot stereotype individuals. Stereotyping is just the process of passing opinions and judgments on individuals to simply place them in a category to be generalized.

Communicating With Others Who Are Different From Ourselves

I would like to believe that I communicate with everyone the same across the board but I would be lying to myself if I stated that. I think that I do treat other people who are of a different culture in a different way but I may not be fully aware of it. I have a difficult time communicating with individuals who are deaf because I have a fear that they will misunderstand me and I do not know sign language and I do not want to offend them. There has been occasions where I could have taken a sign language class but always made an excuse of being too busy or feared that if I did learn then someone would call upon for assistance and I would still mess things up. I find myself shying away from these individuals not because of discrimination but the fear of not knowing what to do. Three ways I can overcome this is by simply just taking the sign language class, finding resources to help me communicate with them better, and finally working with other professionals on what ways I can better serve and talking to them about their experiences.

First Impressions

For this assignment I decided to log into my Netflix account and find a TV series that I never viewed before but always heard about and I chose the TV series "The Walking Dead". I never was a person for movies about weird people or zombies but decided to give it a try. In the beginning of one episode a man in a police uniform was riding through an abandoned city on horse in an effort to get somewhere important I assume. When he turned the corner on one of the streets h was greeted by a large amount zombies running towards him. He was soon overrun and knocked off of his horse where he ran to hide underneath an armored tank. As he was shooting at the zombies he had the look of uncertainty on his face and place the gun to his own head. Before he pulled the trigger he found an opening in the armored tank and slipped inside. Inside, he had the look of panic on his face as if he was trying to figure out his next move. At one point he looked at a speaker in the distance with a confused look on his face but I couldn't understand why. On the next episode he escaped the tank and ran towards a building where he was greeted by normal people and he found refuge in side of that building. I decided to stop at this point and go back to the beginning of the show to watch it with sound to see what I could understand.

The man riding on the horse name was Rick and he was a cop in the city of Atlanta before the apocalypse took place. He was in search of his family, who he had been separated from during the apocalypse and decided to ride a horse through Atlanta to find him. The zombies caught up with him and he ran under the armored tank. As he was shooting the zombies he realized that he wasn't going to make it so he said, "Lori and Carl I'm sorry" and almost pulled the trigger before realizing there was a way inside of the tank. Inside of the tank he heard the voice of a man coming from the speaker and that is why he looked so surprised. The man on the speaker name is Glenn and he was assisting Rick with the route to get to the building they were in for safety.

My first impression of this show without the sound was a bit confusing and I felt like the TV series wouldn't be worth watching what so ever but after watching it again and listening it peaked my interest to want to watch more. In the text (OHair & Wiemann,2012) it states, "that just because we place more stock in nonverbal communication doesn't mean that we are always right." This statement was true when I first viewed the show without sound. I made a assumption because of the nonverbal cues that the show would not be interesting because of focused on the body language of the characters. I decided to watch a few more episodes and I think I am hooked, well let's just say that I will be watching once the series starts again in February.

Effective Communication

I am very excited to begin this semester with each of you and being able to have the opportunity to learn something about you as well as something new about myself. Communication is extremely important in everyday life and it is key when working with young children and their families. The one person in my life that I believe has excellent communication skills is my mother. My mother hold a Master's degree in counseling as well as being a LPC. Although she is now retired she still amazes me on how in tune she is with her environment and communicating with other around her. She offers great insight, advice, eye contact, and overall positive feedback when speaking with her. She makes a point to repeat what you have told her in order to make sure that she is understanding you correctly before she begins her response. I believe that she obtained these skills not only through her studies but through her years of experience as an educator before becoming a counselor.

Professional Hopes and Goals

When working with children and families from diverse backgrounds I hope that I can be a welcoming face for them as they enter a new environment. I hope that can look at me as see that I am here to help and assist them in anyway possible and for them to know that regardless of their background and culture, that I understand and respect them. The one goal that I have for early childhood professionals and institutions is that we continue to respect, trust, and support every child and family that we work with. The three elements are needed to foster good relationships not only with these families but in communities as well.

I would like to take this time to thank each of my peers in this course for all your feedback this semester. I have come to learn about each of you in small personal way and I want to wish you the best in your academic future as well as your professional careers. I look forward to working with each of you again in the future.

Welcoming Families From Around the World

The country of origin that my family will come from is Paraguay. Paraguay is a small country located in South America with a population of approximately 6.5 million. The language of this country is a mixture of Spanish and Guarani' which is recognized as the official language. Majority of its population is Roman Catholic followed by Protestant.

In the United States I have come to realize that we are a huge melting pot of different cultures, religions, values, and beliefs. As a professional I have to comfortable with families who may not speak the same language as I do or have the same belief system. I will become knowledgable about my new family by reading books, researching articles, as well as find resources within in my community in reference to the language. I will also do my best in finding ways for the child as well as the family being able to make a smooth transition into the American culture. I believe by becoming informed about my student's culture I can develop and positive bond with him/her and their family. Positive bonds can help break the stereotype barriers that can be hinder a child's success in education.

Reference
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/pa.html

Personal Side of Bias, Prejudice, and Oppression

As I reflected on the assignment for this week, I tried to recall a time when I witnessed out right prejudice and oppression and I could not picture a time when I have. I have watched several televsions shows and movies where this type of inequity took place but none that I can say that I personal witness from my own eyes. As I pondered on about this assignment I remembered a book that I enjoyed reading over and over when I was younger and I also was able to watch the movie that was filmed because of the book. " The Color Purple" written by Alice Walker in 1982 was a fictional novel that won the Pulitzer Prize. The story was about an African American women named Celie who grew up unloved by everyone in her world excepet for her sister Nettie. Celie was raped by her stepfather and through these sexual assaults she bore two children who were taken away from her by her stepfather. Celie was sent off to marry a man by the name of Mr___ (his real name Albert is finally known towards the end of the novel) who beats Celie as a way of controlling her. Another character of the story named Sofia is also an African American woman but she is more assertive and demands respect everywhere she goes. Sofia marries Celie's stepson (Harpo) against Mr____ wishes. Harpo feels emasculated in his marriage to Sofia because he does not have the same control over her as his father (Mr____) has over Celie. Harpo tries his father's method of control by beating Sofia and Sofia returns the blows right back to Harpo. After years of violence and 5 children later Sofia leaves her husband. Celie still longing for love has never heard from her sister Nettie because Mr____ refuses to give Celie any of the letters Nettie has written to her, Celie assumes that her sister is dead.  Mr___ reminds Celie that she is black, poor, ugly, a woman, and that she is nothing at all. Sofia comes back into town and is confronted a lady named  Miss Millie. Miss Millie is a White woman who is the wife of the county's mayor and she asked Sofia if she would work for them as their maid. Sofia dismisses the woman's offer by replying "Hell no". The mayor slaps Sofia in the face and calls her an "ungrateful nigger" which lands her in prison for 12 years. Once Sofia is released from prison she is forced to work for Miss Millie as a maid to add more insult to injury.

This novel depicts some of the most clear signs of racism, sexism, and oppression against African  Americans and women. The in era that this story describes women were seen as less than man and completely worthless, except for sexual needs. African Americans  where being called racial names such as gal, boy, and nigger to show that they were considered less than the White race. As I read the novel, I remembered feeling more enraged about how African American men treated their wives than the way that Whites treated Blacks. I felt that African American men understood how it felt to be considered as less than and could not understand why a man would treat his wife in the same manner. The only way for change in all of the events could have occurred would have been if African American men would have given their wives more respect and not beat them or treat them as sexual slaves, housekeepers, and babysitters. White Americans would have to change their way of thinking towards the African American race and begin to view them as human as well. Even though this was a fictional novel I believe it showed the truth when it comes to the history of our world.